Block #476,027

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/5/2014, 2:05:18 PM · Difficulty 10.4668 · 6,336,974 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ea3ae635e81267b82d795b5a0f6c9e6bf6e2ad341fcce70853bb3d1ae606f949

Height

#476,027

Difficulty

10.466780

Transactions

2

Size

1.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a777ee9

Nonce

256,270,665

Timestamp

4/5/2014, 2:05:18 PM

Confirmations

6,336,974

Merkle Root

67063d3b063f6e4c7953eb9b38ba70c07ee139a0f2ab941475edc584abc8de1b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.850 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28509645551423204017…57505845133241510401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.850 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28509645551423204017…57505845133241510401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.701 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
57019291102846408034…15011690266483020801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.140 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11403858220569281606…30023380532966041601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.280 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22807716441138563213…60046761065932083201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.561 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
45615432882277126427…20093522131864166401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.123 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
91230865764554252855…40187044263728332801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.824 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
18246173152910850571…80374088527456665601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.649 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
36492346305821701142…60748177054913331201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.298 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
72984692611643402284…21496354109826662401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.459 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
14596938522328680456…42992708219653324801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,748,048 XPM·at block #6,813,000 · updates every 60s
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