Block #475,868

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/5/2014, 12:01:03 PM · Difficulty 10.4636 · 6,334,087 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f71fad9ec787bb63feadf1bbfa8144837aa305a9b1e1ecad3aa70d73e2991fc9

Height

#475,868

Difficulty

10.463575

Transactions

6

Size

1.30 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a76acd3

Nonce

92,203

Timestamp

4/5/2014, 12:01:03 PM

Confirmations

6,334,087

Merkle Root

088905ea6a0b06ff1e2ca6301ea4c54e5e966a14160d3207e86364ec02852dd0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.209 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
62098613192436104862…26220235980610165081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.209 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
62098613192436104862…26220235980610165081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.241 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12419722638487220972…52440471961220330161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.483 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24839445276974441945…04880943922440660321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.967 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
49678890553948883890…09761887844881320641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.935 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99357781107897767780…19523775689762641281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.987 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19871556221579553556…39047551379525282561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.974 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39743112443159107112…78095102759050565121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.948 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
79486224886318214224…56190205518101130241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.589 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15897244977263642844…12380411036202260481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.179 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
31794489954527285689…24760822072404520961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,723,721 XPM·at block #6,809,954 · updates every 60s
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