Block #472,980

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/3/2014, 2:55:52 PM · Difficulty 10.4423 · 6,326,047 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8e82e289b85d927277c97b73d64ceb2445f87b635b7208918c7febdb0cf39a0d

Height

#472,980

Difficulty

10.442273

Transactions

8

Size

23.68 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a7138d0

Nonce

3,789,083

Timestamp

4/3/2014, 2:55:52 PM

Confirmations

6,326,047

Merkle Root

6c1336c49c675631dcee1d231bf9f7cf9d7b653201499ffdfb032830f0182df0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.235 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
62351055260648293991…74227564906078557761
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.235 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
62351055260648293991…74227564906078557761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.247 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12470211052129658798…48455129812157115521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.494 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24940422104259317596…96910259624314231041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.988 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
49880844208518635192…93820519248628462081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.976 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
99761688417037270385…87641038497256924161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.995 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19952337683407454077…75282076994513848321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.990 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
39904675366814908154…50564153989027696641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.980 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
79809350733629816308…01128307978055393281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.596 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15961870146725963261…02256615956110786561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.192 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
31923740293451926523…04513231912221573121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,636,254 XPM·at block #6,799,026 · updates every 60s
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