Block #472,919

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/3/2014, 1:46:35 PM · Difficulty 10.4432 · 6,339,878 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e7512cc4ad0ec40eba5f0e4d3d5506e67b905ce526451d161a98461f064bcfce

Height

#472,919

Difficulty

10.443238

Transactions

3

Size

1.23 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a71780a

Nonce

48,610,662

Timestamp

4/3/2014, 1:46:35 PM

Confirmations

6,339,878

Merkle Root

aa3afc572e270b3d408a961b96e47b4f51ee3a5c328985321053e111132e8033
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.009 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40091871892384515923…81975507624709181441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.009 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40091871892384515923…81975507624709181441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.018 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
80183743784769031846…63951015249418362881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.603 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16036748756953806369…27902030498836725761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.207 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32073497513907612738…55804060997673451521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.414 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64146995027815225476…11608121995346903041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.282 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12829399005563045095…23216243990693806081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.565 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25658798011126090190…46432487981387612161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.131 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
51317596022252180381…92864975962775224321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.026 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10263519204450436076…85729951925550448641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.052 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20527038408900872152…71459903851100897281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,746,419 XPM·at block #6,812,796 · updates every 60s
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