Block #472,710

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/3/2014, 11:03:20 AM · Difficulty 10.4378 · 6,337,401 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
10a8f97b6c2029c0fe11d6b5250de7dead4cf33b505c23209cf060a5c41fe5c1

Height

#472,710

Difficulty

10.437840

Transactions

2

Size

1.10 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a701640

Nonce

298,354

Timestamp

4/3/2014, 11:03:20 AM

Confirmations

6,337,401

Merkle Root

8b3cf618a6973ee45607c325710efe6733e8a50ea6aba8733f2e05b9a7eb8afb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.828 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18287807029927447475…98563670987527248001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.828 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18287807029927447475…98563670987527248001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.657 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36575614059854894950…97127341975054496001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.315 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
73151228119709789900…94254683950108992001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.463 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14630245623941957980…88509367900217984001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.926 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29260491247883915960…77018735800435968001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.852 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
58520982495767831920…54037471600871936001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.170 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11704196499153566384…08074943201743872001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.340 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23408392998307132768…16149886403487744001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.681 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
46816785996614265536…32299772806975488001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
9.363 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
93633571993228531072…64599545613950976001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,724,959 XPM·at block #6,810,110 · updates every 60s
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