Block #468,910

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/31/2014, 8:04:20 PM · Difficulty 10.4335 · 6,326,021 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
baecb65aeb9cdd6ef78c9c152129f33410b048b7fb4ba5b792fafc8805357168

Height

#468,910

Difficulty

10.433550

Transactions

7

Size

90.25 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6efd1b

Nonce

221,681

Timestamp

3/31/2014, 8:04:20 PM

Confirmations

6,326,021

Merkle Root

6e3ea0615020e03f639a92212f59f3468953d323f8c85183bd3bd0c617f3de65
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.474 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
14742063390412999889…69632597150082889201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.474 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
14742063390412999889…69632597150082889201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.948 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
29484126780825999778…39265194300165778401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.896 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
58968253561651999557…78530388600331556801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.179 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
11793650712330399911…57060777200663113601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.358 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
23587301424660799823…14121554401326227201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.717 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
47174602849321599646…28243108802652454401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.434 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
94349205698643199292…56486217605304908801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.886 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
18869841139728639858…12972435210609817601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.773 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
37739682279457279716…25944870421219635201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.547 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
75479364558914559433…51889740842439270401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,603,481 XPM·at block #6,794,930 · updates every 60s
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