Block #466,937

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 3/30/2014, 11:28:37 AM · Difficulty 10.4304 · 6,327,641 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d4b79ad828ff69aab4595c921ab741c1a1434b07418502bdc6a0231ddd64c288

Height

#466,937

Difficulty

10.430373

Transactions

10

Size

10.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6e2cf3

Nonce

31,890,109

Timestamp

3/30/2014, 11:28:37 AM

Confirmations

6,327,641

Merkle Root

4ba43473300120ad5c76e122adcdd129ad7c7d5e38d014782bf438990e4cc380
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.352 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13526609126986150286…39911317986465809599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.352 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13526609126986150286…39911317986465809599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.352 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13526609126986150286…39911317986465809601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.705 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27053218253972300572…79822635972931619199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.705 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
27053218253972300572…79822635972931619201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.410 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
54106436507944601145…59645271945863238399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.410 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
54106436507944601145…59645271945863238401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.082 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10821287301588920229…19290543891726476799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.082 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10821287301588920229…19290543891726476801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.164 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21642574603177840458…38581087783452953599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.164 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21642574603177840458…38581087783452953601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,600,670 XPM·at block #6,794,577 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.