Block #464,771

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/29/2014, 12:25:40 AM · Difficulty 10.4222 · 6,345,217 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e83638c585a7af51d90e83bfaa4cd90ebd0e1d0d760aa1dd642af43d8810266c

Height

#464,771

Difficulty

10.422230

Transactions

5

Size

2.86 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6c174b

Nonce

39,471

Timestamp

3/29/2014, 12:25:40 AM

Confirmations

6,345,217

Merkle Root

9e7179b243258d35cd302aaf1724da7a2eafc13d48382bc380d204c7ecd03e25
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.530 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
35301331275638108590…74429363391097141761
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.530 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
35301331275638108590…74429363391097141761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.060 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
70602662551276217181…48858726782194283521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.412 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
14120532510255243436…97717453564388567041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.824 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
28241065020510486872…95434907128777134081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.648 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
56482130041020973744…90869814257554268161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.129 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11296426008204194748…81739628515108536321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.259 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
22592852016408389497…63479257030217072641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.518 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
45185704032816778995…26958514060434145281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.037 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
90371408065633557991…53917028120868290561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.807 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18074281613126711598…07834056241736581121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,723,977 XPM·at block #6,809,987 · updates every 60s
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