Block #463,778

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/28/2014, 9:00:37 AM · Difficulty 10.4141 · 6,334,383 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c59ef98371a27f85a606a7c0c39561174537766c7810a2ad7de728fc2f43e0ec

Height

#463,778

Difficulty

10.414055

Transactions

1

Size

869 B

Version

2

Bits

0a69ff7a

Nonce

554,568

Timestamp

3/28/2014, 9:00:37 AM

Confirmations

6,334,383

Merkle Root

b88bb77b5fb2b679553667eb14b00b1f55ea946c1950bc327b57dd0d324730ea
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.625 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26251437931169279492…46836092220671365121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.625 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26251437931169279492…46836092220671365121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.250 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
52502875862338558984…93672184441342730241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.050 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10500575172467711796…87344368882685460481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.100 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
21001150344935423593…74688737765370920961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.200 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
42002300689870847187…49377475530741841921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.400 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
84004601379741694375…98754951061483683841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.680 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16800920275948338875…97509902122967367681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.360 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
33601840551896677750…95019804245934735361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.720 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
67203681103793355500…90039608491869470721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.344 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13440736220758671100…80079216983738941441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,629,288 XPM·at block #6,798,160 · updates every 60s
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