Block #463,018

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/27/2014, 7:38:57 PM · Difficulty 10.4185 · 6,343,865 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
86c0833de224710cccff50b1a02f19d8d6b9b24af24903bb138e65c65540d287

Height

#463,018

Difficulty

10.418455

Transactions

1

Size

1002 B

Version

2

Bits

0a6b1fdf

Nonce

182,189

Timestamp

3/27/2014, 7:38:57 PM

Confirmations

6,343,865

Merkle Root

0de3a28d711e3f7d3da69a0853a4cc8eacf7274df26b3b608f4d04205df302e1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.384 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
43841492283894938256…42196171428668001281
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.384 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
43841492283894938256…42196171428668001281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.768 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
87682984567789876513…84392342857336002561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.753 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
17536596913557975302…68784685714672005121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.507 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
35073193827115950605…37569371429344010241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.014 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
70146387654231901210…75138742858688020481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.402 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14029277530846380242…50277485717376040961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.805 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28058555061692760484…00554971434752081921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.611 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56117110123385520968…01109942869504163841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.122 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11223422024677104193…02219885739008327681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.244 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22446844049354208387…04439771478016655361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,699,173 XPM·at block #6,806,882 · updates every 60s
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