Block #457,873

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/24/2014, 5:00:40 AM · Difficulty 10.4208 · 6,334,297 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9057aa29d4c7ffa2d335874453ea0270bdbb1686d46ca627daba28d3b99b13a8

Height

#457,873

Difficulty

10.420801

Transactions

6

Size

5.05 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6bb99a

Nonce

271,955

Timestamp

3/24/2014, 5:00:40 AM

Confirmations

6,334,297

Merkle Root

847d672a4bb3d1c45eaf50c05b60c16fcba6f0a8979dcf0fa40d4bdf2a54e87d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.695 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16955841346830106507…71081984996092136641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.695 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16955841346830106507…71081984996092136641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.391 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33911682693660213015…42163969992184273281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.782 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67823365387320426031…84327939984368546561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.356 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13564673077464085206…68655879968737093121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.712 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27129346154928170412…37311759937474186241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.425 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54258692309856340825…74623519874948372481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.085 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10851738461971268165…49247039749896744961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.170 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21703476923942536330…98494079499793489921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.340 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43406953847885072660…96988158999586979841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.681 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
86813907695770145320…93976317999173959681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,581,315 XPM·at block #6,792,169 · updates every 60s
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