Block #457,694

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/24/2014, 2:26:02 AM · Difficulty 10.4181 · 6,359,141 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cd06b5491b1445831c493c24b15d87604cb113117f668325e8f99772cc64f436

Height

#457,694

Difficulty

10.418126

Transactions

3

Size

802 B

Version

2

Bits

0a6b0a51

Nonce

44,745

Timestamp

3/24/2014, 2:26:02 AM

Confirmations

6,359,141

Merkle Root

1a8cf3cc9e94bd4ad6a12a2d84cbf3a7e27154543dd2b2ae6d31318e8230e6ae
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.637 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
96377714161119846576…47417519106068807121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.637 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
96377714161119846576…47417519106068807121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.927 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19275542832223969315…94835038212137614241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.855 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
38551085664447938630…89670076424275228481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.710 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
77102171328895877261…79340152848550456961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.542 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15420434265779175452…58680305697100913921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.084 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
30840868531558350904…17360611394201827841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.168 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
61681737063116701809…34721222788403655681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.233 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12336347412623340361…69442445576807311361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.467 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24672694825246680723…38884891153614622721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.934 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
49345389650493361447…77769782307229245441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,778,720 XPM·at block #6,816,834 · updates every 60s
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