Block #457,618

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/24/2014, 12:59:26 AM · Difficulty 10.4192 · 6,356,398 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
60e49beb059a2ec277efcaef03f0a0d790663241fc6107f05aceffa0d51dc324

Height

#457,618

Difficulty

10.419243

Transactions

1

Size

1.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6b538a

Nonce

30,502

Timestamp

3/24/2014, 12:59:26 AM

Confirmations

6,356,398

Merkle Root

737ef1475c762abfda9a7ad4ba65a0df042bf5fac99ac102c7be36a628b4f63e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.034 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20342974334781202314…82921078004702673441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.034 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20342974334781202314…82921078004702673441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.068 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
40685948669562404629…65842156009405346881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.137 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
81371897339124809258…31684312018810693761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.627 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16274379467824961851…63368624037621387521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.254 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32548758935649923703…26737248075242775041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.509 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
65097517871299847406…53474496150485550081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.301 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13019503574259969481…06948992300971100161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.603 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26039007148519938962…13897984601942200321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.207 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
52078014297039877925…27795969203884400641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.041 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10415602859407975585…55591938407768801281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,756,212 XPM·at block #6,814,015 · updates every 60s
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