Block #456,281

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/23/2014, 3:01:56 AM · Difficulty 10.4164 · 6,339,780 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c6ce83b33600b225cd80124bbb12f870b252a94360813c41457bd02026d32f44

Height

#456,281

Difficulty

10.416442

Transactions

2

Size

1.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6a9bed

Nonce

28

Timestamp

3/23/2014, 3:01:56 AM

Confirmations

6,339,780

Merkle Root

0546a7ba3c960763c90c6b6429b24dd12be4e11643d68efc9c7d54116c7e86e4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.825 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
28259491582965255242…09992794698185981921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.825 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
28259491582965255242…09992794698185981921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.651 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
56518983165930510485…19985589396371963841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.130 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11303796633186102097…39971178792743927681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.260 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
22607593266372204194…79942357585487855361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.521 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
45215186532744408388…59884715170975710721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.043 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
90430373065488816777…19769430341951421441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.808 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18086074613097763355…39538860683902842881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.617 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
36172149226195526710…79077721367805685761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.234 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
72344298452391053421…58155442735611371521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.446 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
14468859690478210684…16310885471222743041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,584 XPM·at block #6,796,060 · updates every 60s
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