Block #455,367

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/22/2014, 12:54:20 PM · Difficulty 10.4073 · 6,341,447 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
73eab66825de29c97b50479ec04b26a6177a5cb648b8af53f6db507b00ec081c

Height

#455,367

Difficulty

10.407293

Transactions

2

Size

858 B

Version

2

Bits

0a68445d

Nonce

66,905

Timestamp

3/22/2014, 12:54:20 PM

Confirmations

6,341,447

Merkle Root

b23e156eda1a174c97eb706ef5488313ab01d3c9fd11e5b13d77b04ae021b8d3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.952 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89524454751594437451…18243682240684141361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.952 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89524454751594437451…18243682240684141361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.790 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17904890950318887490…36487364481368282721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.580 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
35809781900637774980…72974728962736565441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.161 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
71619563801275549960…45949457925473130881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.432 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
14323912760255109992…91898915850946261761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.864 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
28647825520510219984…83797831701892523521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.729 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
57295651041020439968…67595663403785047041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.145 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11459130208204087993…35191326807570094081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.291 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
22918260416408175987…70382653615140188161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.583 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
45836520832816351974…40765307230280376321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,618,520 XPM·at block #6,796,813 · updates every 60s
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