Block #447,712

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/17/2014, 11:02:43 AM · Difficulty 10.3613 · 6,345,271 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1ab1f343f3d113bbd75d13a9f8b1db5f9cf57df2e016e671b3c47a336810069d

Height

#447,712

Difficulty

10.361275

Transactions

7

Size

2.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5c7c8a

Nonce

402,929

Timestamp

3/17/2014, 11:02:43 AM

Confirmations

6,345,271

Merkle Root

b8d1a17a9bb7271a3f826c88b6abd4657cb2af2e5e73b734a60b7306cec53122
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.748 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57484643147246018904…95021092296686347201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.748 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57484643147246018904…95021092296686347201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.149 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11496928629449203780…90042184593372694401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.299 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22993857258898407561…80084369186745388801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.598 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45987714517796815123…60168738373490777601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.197 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
91975429035593630246…20337476746981555201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.839 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18395085807118726049…40674953493963110401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.679 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36790171614237452098…81349906987926220801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.358 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
73580343228474904197…62699813975852441601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.471 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14716068645694980839…25399627951704883201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.943 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29432137291389961678…50799255903409766401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,587,846 XPM·at block #6,792,982 · updates every 60s
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