Block #447,571

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/17/2014, 9:07:04 AM · Difficulty 10.3576 · 6,366,607 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4527e71b7fca8a6588778b6465cd4f0e4005dc4df9d6d6adcf11c7353eff36d5

Height

#447,571

Difficulty

10.357589

Transactions

9

Size

1.96 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5b8af8

Nonce

4,825,344

Timestamp

3/17/2014, 9:07:04 AM

Confirmations

6,366,607

Merkle Root

a8bab90baca5233bd525c34a1670428d67306d37beda4bf74a37f8d005e85ea4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.755 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17559449405838886768…88937410689418342401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.755 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17559449405838886768…88937410689418342401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.511 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
35118898811677773536…77874821378836684801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.023 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
70237797623355547073…55749642757673369601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.404 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14047559524671109414…11499285515346739201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.809 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
28095119049342218829…22998571030693478401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.619 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
56190238098684437659…45997142061386956801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.123 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11238047619736887531…91994284122773913601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.247 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
22476095239473775063…83988568245547827201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.495 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
44952190478947550127…67977136491095654401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.990 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
89904380957895100254…35954272982191308801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,757,496 XPM·at block #6,814,177 · updates every 60s
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