Block #446,868

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/16/2014, 9:10:01 PM · Difficulty 10.3594 · 6,347,525 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a9a9c132a4922139f6694c81e9a43a4254d737e201c375f1c49cf37c19fdf31f

Height

#446,868

Difficulty

10.359403

Transactions

7

Size

2.94 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5c01d8

Nonce

28,306

Timestamp

3/16/2014, 9:10:01 PM

Confirmations

6,347,525

Merkle Root

9ea576a03e4a5c88b9702236a6a1eb34475e9c976b4e3456459012dc36062499
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.959 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
89595575221912996270…78414429132281297921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.959 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
89595575221912996270…78414429132281297921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.791 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17919115044382599254…56828858264562595841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.583 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
35838230088765198508…13657716529125191681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.167 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
71676460177530397016…27315433058250383361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.433 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14335292035506079403…54630866116500766721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.867 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
28670584071012158806…09261732233001533441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.734 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
57341168142024317612…18523464466003066881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.146 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11468233628404863522…37046928932006133761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.293 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
22936467256809727045…74093857864012267521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.587 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
45872934513619454090…48187715728024535041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,599,174 XPM·at block #6,794,392 · updates every 60s
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