Block #445,219

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/15/2014, 6:06:48 PM · Difficulty 10.3556 · 6,351,250 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
67f50225e9c38142a9141049982926db4790f6805a4d1b4d21695946611e9af2

Height

#445,219

Difficulty

10.355647

Transactions

2

Size

835 B

Version

2

Bits

0a5b0bb5

Nonce

7,263

Timestamp

3/15/2014, 6:06:48 PM

Confirmations

6,351,250

Merkle Root

1a931967e788de0579d1d820846f9ae1e26469b6c4c693e1397729c2afda62cc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.477 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24774837622717319187…31583642444490180001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.477 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24774837622717319187…31583642444490180001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.954 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49549675245434638374…63167284888980360001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.909 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
99099350490869276748…26334569777960720001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.981 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19819870098173855349…52669139555921440001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.963 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39639740196347710699…05338279111842880001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.927 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
79279480392695421398…10676558223685760001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.585 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15855896078539084279…21353116447371520001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.171 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31711792157078168559…42706232894743040001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.342 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
63423584314156337119…85412465789486080001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.268 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12684716862831267423…70824931578972160001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,615,749 XPM·at block #6,796,468 · updates every 60s
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