Block #444,583

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/15/2014, 8:35:39 AM · Difficulty 10.3471 · 6,362,597 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e525eef51c767ab6063846b911fa69d7221b01249fcb4db36836df46de77c7ac

Height

#444,583

Difficulty

10.347108

Transactions

1

Size

866 B

Version

2

Bits

0a58dc13

Nonce

10,057

Timestamp

3/15/2014, 8:35:39 AM

Confirmations

6,362,597

Merkle Root

dd7ad0a61c8729d3f7a7249b992843d345ad121aeb88fb504904e8f5f585a31a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.508 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
15089904543638247349…55774281717948744611
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.508 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
15089904543638247349…55774281717948744611
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.017 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
30179809087276494699…11548563435897489221
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.035 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
60359618174552989398…23097126871794978441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.207 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12071923634910597879…46194253743589956881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.414 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24143847269821195759…92388507487179913761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.828 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
48287694539642391519…84777014974359827521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.657 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
96575389079284783038…69554029948719655041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.931 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
19315077815856956607…39108059897439310081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.863 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38630155631713913215…78216119794878620161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.726 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
77260311263427826430…56432239589757240321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,701,451 XPM·at block #6,807,179 · updates every 60s
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