Block #443,903

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/14/2014, 9:19:25 PM · Difficulty 10.3460 · 6,350,660 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a88ea991af8b9c33f47a2317e82e9889d12d77e9a99877a12d4ba4c5ca687b5c

Height

#443,903

Difficulty

10.346008

Transactions

2

Size

1.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5893f9

Nonce

6,142

Timestamp

3/14/2014, 9:19:25 PM

Confirmations

6,350,660

Merkle Root

8ea1756f4dba83a79b1669b8df0fda6278993e3b72dd4ab4a858a1dd731b3b27
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.804 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
58045908022019049523…31435629124316061441
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.804 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
58045908022019049523…31435629124316061441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.160 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11609181604403809904…62871258248632122881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.321 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23218363208807619809…25742516497264245761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.643 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
46436726417615239619…51485032994528491521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.287 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
92873452835230479238…02970065989056983041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.857 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18574690567046095847…05940131978113966081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.714 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37149381134092191695…11880263956227932161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.429 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74298762268184383390…23760527912455864321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.485 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14859752453636876678…47521055824911728641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.971 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29719504907273753356…95042111649823457281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,600,547 XPM·at block #6,794,562 · updates every 60s
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