Block #443,634

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/14/2014, 4:40:32 PM · Difficulty 10.3472 · 6,364,314 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4320510b5a77840ffe58dcfc37fb492227daa5bc5d10a134609d9f63a7744fc6

Height

#443,634

Difficulty

10.347165

Transactions

3

Size

2.27 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a58dfc7

Nonce

97,596

Timestamp

3/14/2014, 4:40:32 PM

Confirmations

6,364,314

Merkle Root

28e6c496e5be81a21cf5d9cb7a2fdc461689ad3fbe4089c65f59a81a6bdf7412
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.143 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21433382702119577568…52482438476602862081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.143 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21433382702119577568…52482438476602862081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42866765404239155136…04964876953205724161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.573 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85733530808478310273…09929753906411448321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17146706161695662054…19859507812822896641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.429 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34293412323391324109…39719015625645793281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.858 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68586824646782648218…79438031251291586561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13717364929356529643…58876062502583173121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.743 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27434729858713059287…17752125005166346241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.486 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54869459717426118574…35504250010332692481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.097 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10973891943485223714…71008500020665384961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,707,624 XPM·at block #6,807,947 · updates every 60s
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