Block #442,613

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/13/2014, 11:08:37 PM · Difficulty 10.3503 · 6,352,371 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
74651a3020ebee1cfba44de3a7540c19907df2cac293cf354f1f50b2e54b7ac2

Height

#442,613

Difficulty

10.350261

Transactions

13

Size

65.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a59aab6

Nonce

39,177,638

Timestamp

3/13/2014, 11:08:37 PM

Confirmations

6,352,371

Merkle Root

387f0337fd3e5d531a183068f6157fe14b9ea16a8119b83da46d239b6abc83f1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.966 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
79663493248727848090…88202871940582323201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.966 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
79663493248727848090…88202871940582323201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.593 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15932698649745569618…76405743881164646401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.186 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
31865397299491139236…52811487762329292801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.373 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
63730794598982278472…05622975524658585601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.274 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12746158919796455694…11245951049317171201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.549 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25492317839592911388…22491902098634342401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.098 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
50984635679185822777…44983804197268684801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.019 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10196927135837164555…89967608394537369601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.039 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20393854271674329111…79935216789074739201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.078 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
40787708543348658222…59870433578149478401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,603,913 XPM·at block #6,794,983 · updates every 60s
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