Block #442,263

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/13/2014, 5:31:32 PM · Difficulty 10.3479 · 6,354,557 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1ac01d0844cdae92a66e6c8e0966578b3411e8b74628d3394e830d0024624328

Height

#442,263

Difficulty

10.347889

Transactions

6

Size

2.82 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a590f48

Nonce

20,278

Timestamp

3/13/2014, 5:31:32 PM

Confirmations

6,354,557

Merkle Root

a7acd0ae2de88608810ae647011ce0cc8a132e5ac66985b7f7e562276cadafdb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.719 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87197447326017826310…28776516780958164241
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.719 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
87197447326017826310…28776516780958164241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.743 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17439489465203565262…57553033561916328481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.487 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
34878978930407130524…15106067123832656961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.975 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
69757957860814261048…30212134247665313921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.395 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13951591572162852209…60424268495330627841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.790 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
27903183144325704419…20848536990661255681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.580 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
55806366288651408838…41697073981322511361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.116 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11161273257730281767…83394147962645022721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.232 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
22322546515460563535…66788295925290045441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.464 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
44645093030921127071…33576591850580090881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,618,569 XPM·at block #6,796,819 · updates every 60s
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