Block #441,805

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/13/2014, 9:40:57 AM · Difficulty 10.3494 · 6,370,046 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b0caa390cb438f8d8f9c66d87285275b1ce0f5671107b0f50294871037f1bf71

Height

#441,805

Difficulty

10.349440

Transactions

7

Size

1.52 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5974df

Nonce

3,399,437

Timestamp

3/13/2014, 9:40:57 AM

Confirmations

6,370,046

Merkle Root

bba1ab2c46e24e89718ab1f1fdae05e746772c451d9fb98982839241c4ea760b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.813 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38133765403732373821…00931228604016763121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.813 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38133765403732373821…00931228604016763121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.626 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
76267530807464747643…01862457208033526241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.525 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
15253506161492949528…03724914416067052481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.050 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
30507012322985899057…07449828832134104961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.101 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
61014024645971798114…14899657664268209921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.220 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12202804929194359622…29799315328536419841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.440 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24405609858388719245…59598630657072839681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.881 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48811219716777438491…19197261314145679361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
9.762 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
97622439433554876983…38394522628291358721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.952 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19524487886710975396…76789045256582717441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,738,898 XPM·at block #6,811,850 · updates every 60s
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