Block #439,392

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/11/2014, 3:52:10 PM · Difficulty 10.3604 · 6,356,894 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
28e1775e9fa33931a2f5dc763906d5ebf3d4f74f252785384d67682dca748567

Height

#439,392

Difficulty

10.360411

Transactions

2

Size

1.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5c43dd

Nonce

4,096

Timestamp

3/11/2014, 3:52:10 PM

Confirmations

6,356,894

Merkle Root

95a8afb6572593f9457345590edfd63e8c66df95b1982ecd082f471b2f9d5e41
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.160 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31608862663565638671…69458882052464340481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.160 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
31608862663565638671…69458882052464340481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.321 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
63217725327131277342…38917764104928680961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.264 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
12643545065426255468…77835528209857361921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.528 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
25287090130852510936…55671056419714723841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.057 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
50574180261705021873…11342112839429447681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.011 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
10114836052341004374…22684225678858895361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.022 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
20229672104682008749…45368451357717790721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.045 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
40459344209364017499…90736902715435581441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.091 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
80918688418728034998…81473805430871162881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.618 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
16183737683745606999…62947610861742325761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,614,291 XPM·at block #6,796,285 · updates every 60s
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