Block #437,278

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/10/2014, 4:44:03 AM · Difficulty 10.3582 · 6,380,726 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
461e13b34c187abc376d49331339fa0093b614133815f2052efb0701b53b5462

Height

#437,278

Difficulty

10.358239

Transactions

2

Size

1.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5bb587

Nonce

189,440

Timestamp

3/10/2014, 4:44:03 AM

Confirmations

6,380,726

Merkle Root

bc43fe71b3a45b15a1119366fa337c517444436b3ed8ce5f07e95c6eb03d72ca
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.286 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
42867536933716954674…32882274707644409601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.286 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
42867536933716954674…32882274707644409601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.573 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
85735073867433909348…65764549415288819201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.714 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17147014773486781869…31529098830577638401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.429 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
34294029546973563739…63058197661155276801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.858 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
68588059093947127478…26116395322310553601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.371 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13717611818789425495…52232790644621107201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.743 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
27435223637578850991…04465581289242214401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.487 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
54870447275157701982…08931162578484428801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.097 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10974089455031540396…17862325156968857601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.194 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21948178910063080793…35724650313937715201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,788,097 XPM·at block #6,818,003 · updates every 60s
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