Block #432,748

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/7/2014, 3:20:47 AM · Difficulty 10.3392 · 6,370,622 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
abe1100fad5527be913d61416f2142a0c439e55e6cfad0d073cdecca5781ea5e

Height

#432,748

Difficulty

10.339211

Transactions

9

Size

2.66 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a56d682

Nonce

3,727

Timestamp

3/7/2014, 3:20:47 AM

Confirmations

6,370,622

Merkle Root

e88fa42bb82181000aaa3660925cb5c95617fced5b57539a10073a48d7af5c54
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.483 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
74831760158317002147…67071548517699921921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.483 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
74831760158317002147…67071548517699921921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.496 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14966352031663400429…34143097035399843841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.993 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29932704063326800858…68286194070799687681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.986 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
59865408126653601717…36572388141599375361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.197 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11973081625330720343…73144776283198750721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.394 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23946163250661440687…46289552566397501441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.789 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
47892326501322881374…92579105132795002881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.578 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
95784653002645762748…85158210265590005761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.915 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19156930600529152549…70316420531180011521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.831 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
38313861201058305099…40632841062360023041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,670,996 XPM·at block #6,803,369 · updates every 60s
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