Block #425,596

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/2/2014, 1:10:25 AM · Difficulty 10.3580 · 6,370,280 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4edb19e166bb75a5bd6e291d71bd5572532ebb90b67edfe3185a8be9a49c1c6b

Height

#425,596

Difficulty

10.357993

Transactions

7

Size

2.35 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5ba569

Nonce

19,865

Timestamp

3/2/2014, 1:10:25 AM

Confirmations

6,370,280

Merkle Root

5fd6f4dab19f753a85981c53d3ba8793babcf01cdcda4bde1597a6ea059c66a1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.940 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49409125923164800356…90415414247367854081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.940 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49409125923164800356…90415414247367854081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.881 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
98818251846329600712…80830828494735708161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.976 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
19763650369265920142…61661656989471416321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.952 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39527300738531840285…23323313978942832641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.905 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79054601477063680570…46646627957885665281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.581 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15810920295412736114…93293255915771330561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.162 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31621840590825472228…86586511831542661121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.324 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63243681181650944456…73173023663085322241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.264 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12648736236330188891…46346047326170644481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.529 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25297472472660377782…92692094652341288961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,611,097 XPM·at block #6,795,875 · updates every 60s
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