Block #425,547

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/2/2014, 12:17:20 AM · Difficulty 10.3586 · 6,381,072 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ccbf5a27e596da134d62ee321fa166ae1d558cbc564ac83cd0338eaa0be17aae

Height

#425,547

Difficulty

10.358559

Transactions

6

Size

2.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5bca85

Nonce

104,571

Timestamp

3/2/2014, 12:17:20 AM

Confirmations

6,381,072

Merkle Root

cb6e5a2bafc79c08d6abd314dd4ba0cb5630786d05391d305960de1e5d72b295
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.648 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26480121123915088249…20626779486183342081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.648 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26480121123915088249…20626779486183342081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.296 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
52960242247830176498…41253558972366684161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.059 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10592048449566035299…82507117944733368321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.118 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21184096899132070599…65014235889466736641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.236 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
42368193798264141199…30028471778933473281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.473 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
84736387596528282398…60056943557866946561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.694 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16947277519305656479…20113887115733893121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.389 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33894555038611312959…40227774231467786241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.778 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
67789110077222625918…80455548462935572481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.355 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
13557822015444525183…60911096925871144961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,697,052 XPM·at block #6,806,618 · updates every 60s
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