Block #425,475

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/1/2014, 11:06:53 PM · Difficulty 10.3583 · 6,376,241 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f88c028a2bd85a7493ebfce2fd02f5733751d1c23bcbb739c1bfa6b6758419af

Height

#425,475

Difficulty

10.358304

Transactions

8

Size

5.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5bb9cf

Nonce

34,446

Timestamp

3/1/2014, 11:06:53 PM

Confirmations

6,376,241

Merkle Root

5e12929f6727d919c7d8d96dbd02ebdf4dcfb7791e7c450cc69eb3b5f5958b6c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.086 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
30864020257028211206…41568499548076439041
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.086 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
30864020257028211206…41568499548076439041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.172 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
61728040514056422412…83136999096152878081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.234 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12345608102811284482…66273998192305756161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.469 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24691216205622568965…32547996384611512321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.938 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
49382432411245137930…65095992769223024641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.876 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
98764864822490275860…30191985538446049281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.975 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19752972964498055172…60383971076892098561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.950 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
39505945928996110344…20767942153784197121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.901 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
79011891857992220688…41535884307568394241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.580 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15802378371598444137…83071768615136788481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,657,820 XPM·at block #6,801,715 · updates every 60s
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