Block #422,896

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/28/2014, 2:55:37 AM · Difficulty 10.3664 · 6,373,210 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
31ea1a011a87896cb9185107a0feeb3373e1ba1862fbed0e51c387f6d81c960c

Height

#422,896

Difficulty

10.366436

Transactions

2

Size

2.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5dcec5

Nonce

131,673

Timestamp

2/28/2014, 2:55:37 AM

Confirmations

6,373,210

Merkle Root

2f7c0373ba94be75fc8e55364ecc360dc947386e7ed9ecab1f3fdbdaad048479
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.605 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26057165112403095024…69725404939597800961
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.605 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26057165112403095024…69725404939597800961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.211 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
52114330224806190049…39450809879195601921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.042 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10422866044961238009…78901619758391203841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.084 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20845732089922476019…57803239516782407681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.169 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
41691464179844952039…15606479033564815361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.338 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
83382928359689904079…31212958067129630721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.667 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
16676585671937980815…62425916134259261441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.335 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
33353171343875961631…24851832268518522881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.670 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
66706342687751923263…49703664537037045761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.334 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13341268537550384652…99407329074074091521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,842 XPM·at block #6,796,105 · updates every 60s
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