Block #421,475

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 2/27/2014, 2:06:40 AM · Difficulty 10.3746 · 6,373,379 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
9e48b3bf0193334d201663d97c4f346446c57fa67d4d1770527064395a80e41f

Height

#421,475

Difficulty

10.374595

Transactions

3

Size

907 B

Version

2

Bits

0a5fe57b

Nonce

1,479

Timestamp

2/27/2014, 2:06:40 AM

Confirmations

6,373,379

Merkle Root

b38912eb2ee8f41302c0c4f940d14aacf9f6e8317edc52c838b94c9b5c6f24d5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.088 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30885349268334293761…26744897509180787039
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
3.088 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30885349268334293761…26744897509180787039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
6.177 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
61770698536668587522…53489795018361574079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.235 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12354139707333717504…06979590036723148159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
2.470 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24708279414667435008…13959180073446296319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
4.941 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49416558829334870017…27918360146892592639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
9.883 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
98833117658669740035…55836720293785185279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.976 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19766623531733948007…11673440587570370559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
3.953 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39533247063467896014…23346881175140741119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
7.906 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
79066494126935792028…46693762350281482239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.581 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15813298825387158405…93387524700562964479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,602,862 XPM·at block #6,794,853 · updates every 60s
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