Block #421,127

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/26/2014, 8:07:45 PM · Difficulty 10.3760 · 6,377,461 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b690ac999e0c9edc8bd9b4aa5b917ab6cb5c26bd2d0028f98db55a4872e8c4c3

Height

#421,127

Difficulty

10.376047

Transactions

4

Size

1.86 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a604498

Nonce

8,945

Timestamp

2/26/2014, 8:07:45 PM

Confirmations

6,377,461

Merkle Root

3c8a63aad265a34175952917cede8cd828c83c220c4fde4ad580f00e0b242c98
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.573 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
25739938356980444225…11899054134551091201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.573 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
25739938356980444225…11899054134551091201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.147 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
51479876713960888450…23798108269102182401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.029 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
10295975342792177690…47596216538204364801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.059 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
20591950685584355380…95192433076408729601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.118 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
41183901371168710760…90384866152817459201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.236 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
82367802742337421520…80769732305634918401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.647 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
16473560548467484304…61539464611269836801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.294 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
32947121096934968608…23078929222539673601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.589 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
65894242193869937216…46157858445079347201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.317 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
13178848438773987443…92315716890158694401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,632,717 XPM·at block #6,798,587 · updates every 60s
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