Block #419,817

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/25/2014, 11:06:11 PM · Difficulty 10.3694 · 6,386,762 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cd3d2f0827f40075db2b53fb1202054f8a14606b49ebf70383b08f48014629a8

Height

#419,817

Difficulty

10.369353

Transactions

8

Size

2.45 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5e8de3

Nonce

110,747

Timestamp

2/25/2014, 11:06:11 PM

Confirmations

6,386,762

Merkle Root

0b478bb8f07a7868356396313e1685d3ac488f10979534c5c3b301eac1930837
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.519 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
15197975229109744898…60028075322403887361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.519 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
15197975229109744898…60028075322403887361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.039 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
30395950458219489797…20056150644807774721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.079 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
60791900916438979595…40112301289615549441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.215 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12158380183287795919…80224602579231098881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.431 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24316760366575591838…60449205158462197761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.863 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
48633520733151183676…20898410316924395521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.726 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
97267041466302367352…41796820633848791041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.945 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
19453408293260473470…83593641267697582081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.890 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38906816586520946941…67187282535395164161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.781 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
77813633173041893882…34374565070790328321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,696,727 XPM·at block #6,806,578 · updates every 60s
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