Block #416,052

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/23/2014, 4:06:17 AM · Difficulty 10.3982 · 6,382,536 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b5288bae67ba3593c601e7af03fd15434d720b222a15fff4ae778f5c8c748600

Height

#416,052

Difficulty

10.398245

Transactions

3

Size

2.04 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a65f363

Nonce

30,571

Timestamp

2/23/2014, 4:06:17 AM

Confirmations

6,382,536

Merkle Root

08d7faf2c4850cacd1a54455c2fa8415d81d06bb04d6e12c62f1830b36419c00
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.640 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
46409119801042066348…91165924479503743681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.640 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
46409119801042066348…91165924479503743681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.281 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
92818239602084132696…82331848959007487361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.856 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
18563647920416826539…64663697918014974721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.712 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
37127295840833653078…29327395836029949441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.425 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
74254591681667306157…58654791672059898881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.485 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14850918336333461231…17309583344119797761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.970 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
29701836672666922463…34619166688239595521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.940 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
59403673345333844926…69238333376479191041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.188 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11880734669066768985…38476666752958382081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.376 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
23761469338133537970…76953333505916764161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,632,717 XPM·at block #6,798,587 · updates every 60s
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