Block #415,939

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/23/2014, 2:16:05 AM · Difficulty 10.3983 · 6,388,846 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e9f097468c937cbd8d7ec66ed2dc3dc6b08fe66f4481d5d09906aad507c16ac9

Height

#415,939

Difficulty

10.398267

Transactions

5

Size

1.97 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a65f4d7

Nonce

233,615

Timestamp

2/23/2014, 2:16:05 AM

Confirmations

6,388,846

Merkle Root

bc96f725c9b7527dd3b99b1eff0464e969e76c5c4d1bdc5011609b9fe75177d7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.067 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50671113107739285213…85290616945347738971
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.067 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50671113107739285213…85290616945347738971
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.013 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10134222621547857042…70581233890695477941
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.026 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20268445243095714085…41162467781390955881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.053 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40536890486191428170…82324935562781911761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.107 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81073780972382856341…64649871125563823521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.621 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16214756194476571268…29299742251127647041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.242 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32429512388953142536…58599484502255294081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.485 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64859024777906285073…17198969004510588161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.297 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12971804955581257014…34397938009021176321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.594 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25943609911162514029…68795876018042352641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,682,344 XPM·at block #6,804,784 · updates every 60s
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