Block #415,461

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/22/2014, 5:11:29 PM · Difficulty 10.4057 · 6,381,441 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5661340fd0817b5a0c120b6dcb15eab906b6fbb8537e5cdd2a570db63de70783

Height

#415,461

Difficulty

10.405707

Transactions

9

Size

2.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a67dc6c

Nonce

35,325

Timestamp

2/22/2014, 5:11:29 PM

Confirmations

6,381,441

Merkle Root

1c3380d0274e9dc0527fc649d734b8d79223e4b534fcde438824e2808c4ce39a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.835 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
88354873577914685038…79671663517101454401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.835 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
88354873577914685038…79671663517101454401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.767 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17670974715582937007…59343327034202908801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.534 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
35341949431165874015…18686654068405817601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.068 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
70683898862331748031…37373308136811635201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.413 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14136779772466349606…74746616273623270401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.827 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28273559544932699212…49493232547246540801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.654 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
56547119089865398424…98986465094493081601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.130 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11309423817973079684…97972930188986163201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.261 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22618847635946159369…95945860377972326401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.523 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45237695271892318739…91891720755944652801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,619,237 XPM·at block #6,796,901 · updates every 60s
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