Block #413,910

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/21/2014, 1:52:35 PM · Difficulty 10.4149 · 6,390,939 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
de7b88fdc83b40108f9a493687a7fd2870b7f3353449c62568ff788b6e8f3982

Height

#413,910

Difficulty

10.414870

Transactions

4

Size

902 B

Version

2

Bits

0a6a34f3

Nonce

65,100

Timestamp

2/21/2014, 1:52:35 PM

Confirmations

6,390,939

Merkle Root

8941b716cde4c2cd29143c45f48244f049f2f5f08d335f19bc2ebe5539cc93af
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.106 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61067551197071262226…97631715177286174721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.106 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61067551197071262226…97631715177286174721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.221 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12213510239414252445…95263430354572349441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.442 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24427020478828504890…90526860709144698881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.885 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48854040957657009780…81053721418289397761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.770 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
97708081915314019561…62107442836578795521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.954 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
19541616383062803912…24214885673157591041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.908 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
39083232766125607824…48429771346315182081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.816 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
78166465532251215649…96859542692630364161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.563 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
15633293106450243129…93719085385260728321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.126 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
31266586212900486259…87438170770521456641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,682,864 XPM·at block #6,804,848 · updates every 60s
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