Block #412,485

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/20/2014, 1:07:39 PM · Difficulty 10.4226 · 6,383,201 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
7c05ae4a80e5d51ca5a956d4cca38bad96dd69b8357d3bf50c574aa33046cb21

Height

#412,485

Difficulty

10.422583

Transactions

2

Size

1.50 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6c2e69

Nonce

36,819

Timestamp

2/20/2014, 1:07:39 PM

Confirmations

6,383,201

Merkle Root

0cf353a43630fb846a8612aa523f3d3197a152afab288cf74c09aaab1fa458d8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.951 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
79513987404977668701…59402301172862714641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.951 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
79513987404977668701…59402301172862714641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.590 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15902797480995533740…18804602345725429281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.180 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
31805594961991067480…37609204691450858561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.361 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
63611189923982134961…75218409382901717121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.272 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12722237984796426992…50436818765803434241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.544 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
25444475969592853984…00873637531606868481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.088 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
50888951939185707969…01747275063213736961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.017 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10177790387837141593…03494550126427473921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.035 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20355580775674283187…06989100252854947841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.071 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
40711161551348566375…13978200505709895681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,609,557 XPM·at block #6,795,685 · updates every 60s
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