Block #412,115

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/20/2014, 7:42:43 AM · Difficulty 10.4158 · 6,396,091 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
658305e5dc5a8fef20559ca69a900c5fd647558562166f52ba31979f5e6371a5

Height

#412,115

Difficulty

10.415772

Transactions

3

Size

808 B

Version

2

Bits

0a6a700c

Nonce

780

Timestamp

2/20/2014, 7:42:43 AM

Confirmations

6,396,091

Merkle Root

3e3663ddde1a467b365b908319f0ddc2e312b55cb3910d13091c6157b40ee584
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.166 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31668546763826439176…98118114033074421761
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.166 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31668546763826439176…98118114033074421761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.333 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63337093527652878353…96236228066148843521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.266 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12667418705530575670…92472456132297687041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.533 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25334837411061151341…84944912264595374081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.066 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50669674822122302682…69889824529190748161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.013 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10133934964424460536…39779649058381496321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.026 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20267869928848921072…79559298116762992641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.053 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40535739857697842145…59118596233525985281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.107 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81071479715395684291…18237192467051970561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.621 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16214295943079136858…36474384934103941121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,709,700 XPM·at block #6,808,205 · updates every 60s
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