Block #411,712

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/20/2014, 12:19:21 AM · Difficulty 10.4206 · 6,391,532 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
ba3c0d4c593c6932da29f693ea5e825f216c538306a27d0fe0d08331191628c8

Height

#411,712

Difficulty

10.420628

Transactions

2

Size

723 B

Version

2

Bits

0a6bae4e

Nonce

56,224

Timestamp

2/20/2014, 12:19:21 AM

Confirmations

6,391,532

Merkle Root

17c8124639665902feaaa51e335d462a283fc4b64cc60579d1d1b94e89342319
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.975 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29755914622417851414…33656420431081463361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.975 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29755914622417851414…33656420431081463361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.951 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
59511829244835702829…67312840862162926721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.190 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11902365848967140565…34625681724325853441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.380 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23804731697934281131…69251363448651706881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.760 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
47609463395868562263…38502726897303413761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.521 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
95218926791737124527…77005453794606827521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.904 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
19043785358347424905…54010907589213655041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.808 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
38087570716694849811…08021815178427310081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.617 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
76175141433389699622…16043630356854620161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.523 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15235028286677939924…32087260713709240321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,669,980 XPM·at block #6,803,243 · updates every 60s
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