Block #407,934

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/17/2014, 7:47:14 AM · Difficulty 10.4295 · 6,408,567 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
72f06e3bbe31c2a3eb2b5395522e34a330e0c48e4e3dd57b9738cda119bb7d53

Height

#407,934

Difficulty

10.429453

Transactions

6

Size

1.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6df0a5

Nonce

201,329,284

Timestamp

2/17/2014, 7:47:14 AM

Confirmations

6,408,567

Merkle Root

3cc7b6f25c419a0ae3041936bcdc677bd2b329691207fcdfc21331f947625851
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.637 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56376630222987028119…70361644608345992679
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.637 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56376630222987028119…70361644608345992679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.637 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
56376630222987028119…70361644608345992681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.127 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11275326044597405623…40723289216691985359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.127 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11275326044597405623…40723289216691985361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.255 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22550652089194811247…81446578433383970719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.255 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22550652089194811247…81446578433383970721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.510 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45101304178389622495…62893156866767941439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.510 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45101304178389622495…62893156866767941441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.020 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90202608356779244990…25786313733535882879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.020 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90202608356779244990…25786313733535882881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,776,137 XPM·at block #6,816,500 · updates every 60s
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