Block #4,065,000

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/4/2021, 8:50:03 AM · Difficulty 10.8031 · 2,752,067 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0a562e308cd22bb4566160e052a7ff1adc8d932abcc96a3173a51ecbc530a09b

Height

#4,065,000

Difficulty

10.803060

Transactions

4

Size

808 B

Version

2

Bits

0acd9551

Nonce

522,665,888

Timestamp

2/4/2021, 8:50:03 AM

Confirmations

2,752,067

Merkle Root

6a8b93ba839fa37677ff8b11dbb6e0f40e3acfcfe2ae9410e06ab2b3539b3217
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.453 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54538189628123438124…40137616856161228801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.453 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
54538189628123438124…40137616856161228801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.090 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10907637925624687624…80275233712322457601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.181 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
21815275851249375249…60550467424644915201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.363 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43630551702498750499…21100934849289830401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.726 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
87261103404997500999…42201869698579660801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.745 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17452220680999500199…84403739397159321601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.490 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
34904441361999000399…68807478794318643201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.980 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
69808882723998000799…37614957588637286401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.396 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13961776544799600159…75229915177274572801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.792 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27923553089599200319…50459830354549145601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
5.584 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
55847106179198400639…00919660709098291201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,780,571 XPM·at block #6,817,066 · updates every 60s
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