Block #402,957

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 2/13/2014, 7:31:43 PM · Difficulty 10.4360 · 6,392,474 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0b0bc39d7ade606f0453749f6fff42e3859a49a0922e615a19d3c56515615293

Height

#402,957

Difficulty

10.436035

Transactions

7

Size

1.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6fa003

Nonce

100,666,654

Timestamp

2/13/2014, 7:31:43 PM

Confirmations

6,392,474

Merkle Root

d26e58c68a82803adda7254541a66230b2b979380436da90227eb3035ea4044f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.133 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
51332859049846286562…73938237806783851521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.133 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
51332859049846286562…73938237806783851521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.026 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10266571809969257312…47876475613567703041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.053 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20533143619938514625…95752951227135406081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.106 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41066287239877029250…91505902454270812161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.213 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
82132574479754058500…83011804908541624321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.642 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16426514895950811700…66023609817083248641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.285 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32853029791901623400…32047219634166497281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.570 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
65706059583803246800…64094439268332994561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.314 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13141211916760649360…28188878536665989121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.628 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26282423833521298720…56377757073331978241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
5.256 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
52564847667042597440…12755514146663956481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,607,511 XPM·at block #6,795,430 · updates every 60s
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