Block #400,386

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/12/2014, 1:37:40 AM · Difficulty 10.4292 · 6,395,334 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f9be3bfe5ceae4f608bc47aa0af7a90f2548b1938b87946f04652c12f567f44b

Height

#400,386

Difficulty

10.429200

Transactions

10

Size

2.62 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6de00d

Nonce

102,698

Timestamp

2/12/2014, 1:37:40 AM

Confirmations

6,395,334

Merkle Root

bcfb775cee107ba8cbc3b86e963e1e9f14ce481addaba54e0d7cc523c41269e1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.772 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17729581462863291822…86569248421323928999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.772 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17729581462863291822…86569248421323928999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.772 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
17729581462863291822…86569248421323929001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.545 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
35459162925726583645…73138496842647857999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.545 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
35459162925726583645…73138496842647858001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.091 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
70918325851453167290…46276993685295715999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.091 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
70918325851453167290…46276993685295716001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.418 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14183665170290633458…92553987370591431999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.418 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14183665170290633458…92553987370591432001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.836 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
28367330340581266916…85107974741182863999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.836 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
28367330340581266916…85107974741182864001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,609,835 XPM·at block #6,795,719 · updates every 60s
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