Block #392,567

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/6/2014, 1:22:29 PM · Difficulty 10.4391 · 6,425,174 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ba4da3fa3bba976f9dff5637894b6c3b5d3cd365458f32768943603cb1666987

Height

#392,567

Difficulty

10.439108

Transactions

11

Size

4.72 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a706965

Nonce

19,389

Timestamp

2/6/2014, 1:22:29 PM

Confirmations

6,425,174

Merkle Root

80618e2b639232ee59605db6e3402d99211e00d2fdd067e2c5b193eb836cf4b4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.641 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76417455655170786404…01767072951011393999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.641 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76417455655170786404…01767072951011393999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.641 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76417455655170786404…01767072951011394001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.528 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15283491131034157280…03534145902022787999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.528 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15283491131034157280…03534145902022788001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.056 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30566982262068314561…07068291804045575999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.056 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30566982262068314561…07068291804045576001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.113 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
61133964524136629123…14136583608091151999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.113 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
61133964524136629123…14136583608091152001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.222 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12226792904827325824…28273167216182303999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.222 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12226792904827325824…28273167216182304001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,785,982 XPM·at block #6,817,740 · updates every 60s
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