Block #38,989

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/14/2013, 12:48:48 PM · Difficulty 8.2615 · 6,771,657 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
177fc3cb08147ae55df44dadf29c160335975b2f8d57960204c6af0762394230

Height

#38,989

Difficulty

8.261529

Transactions

2

Size

623 B

Version

2

Bits

0842f38a

Nonce

970

Timestamp

7/14/2013, 12:48:48 PM

Confirmations

6,771,657

Merkle Root

934ffe9767d9c6ab18bc21019337d446b37e4134e68bc5e4c566dd56a2d27fae
Transactions (2)
1 in → 1 out14.6400 XPM110 B
3 in → 1 out31.2500 XPM420 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.071 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
70714724730205954873…13643158657194786741
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.071 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
70714724730205954873…13643158657194786741
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.414 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
14142944946041190974…27286317314389573481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.828 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
28285889892082381949…54572634628779146961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.657 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
56571779784164763899…09145269257558293921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
11314355956832952779…18290538515116587841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.262 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
22628711913665905559…36581077030233175681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.525 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
45257423827331811119…73162154060466351361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.051 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
90514847654663622238…46324308120932702721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,729,257 XPM·at block #6,810,645 · updates every 60s
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