Block #388,762

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/4/2014, 1:28:41 AM · Difficulty 10.4141 · 6,410,260 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ea11332f1b8f3da953267e928ea163dfa0beb18aaa22ff0c204accc21db5b356

Height

#388,762

Difficulty

10.414055

Transactions

9

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a69ff88

Nonce

117,441,493

Timestamp

2/4/2014, 1:28:41 AM

Confirmations

6,410,260

Merkle Root

6549b1665b21f16b06eb3cd6fc240a655fa9b27a91ca0dc1fcce53a31a1a1822
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.474 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14747771344404068071…55859405342286023999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.474 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14747771344404068071…55859405342286023999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.474 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14747771344404068071…55859405342286024001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.949 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29495542688808136143…11718810684572047999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.949 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29495542688808136143…11718810684572048001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.899 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58991085377616272286…23437621369144095999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.899 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58991085377616272286…23437621369144096001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.179 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11798217075523254457…46875242738288191999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.179 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11798217075523254457…46875242738288192001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.359 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23596434151046508914…93750485476576383999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.359 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23596434151046508914…93750485476576384001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,636,220 XPM·at block #6,799,021 · updates every 60s
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