Block #38,831

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/14/2013, 12:35:20 PM · Difficulty 8.2401 · 6,786,723 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
61588727c4e0c9367f7d4426a33dc817badca5c2ea57aae414eaa7473ebd76f1

Height

#38,831

Difficulty

8.240068

Transactions

3

Size

555 B

Version

2

Bits

083d7513

Nonce

332

Timestamp

7/14/2013, 12:35:20 PM

Confirmations

6,786,723

Merkle Root

cbd6f7fc7cd03ab4e868a8b754c6ba229152f927b41491b7da5f581af4cc7f7f
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.081 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
30816039326984174186…88774039094778949021
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.081 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
30816039326984174186…88774039094778949021
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.163 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
61632078653968348373…77548078189557898041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.232 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
12326415730793669674…55096156379115796081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.465 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
24652831461587339349…10192312758231592161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.930 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
49305662923174678698…20384625516463184321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.861 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
98611325846349357397…40769251032926368641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.972 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
19722265169269871479…81538502065852737281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.944 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
39444530338539742959…63077004131705474561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,848,531 XPM·at block #6,825,553 · updates every 60s
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